Hydraulically actuated machine tool



Original Filed June 16, 1954 ug- 13, 1953 E. J. svENsoN 3,100,450

HYDRAULICALLY ACTUATED MACHINE Toor.

`5 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

Aug- 13, 1963 E. J. svENsoN 3,100,450

HYDRAULICALLY ACTUATED MACHINE Toor.

Original Filed'June 16. 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 nvm/Toa if/172.gif Mer/sm Aug. 1'3, 1963 E. J. svENsoN HYDRAULICALLY ACTUATED MACHINE Tool.

Original Filed June 16, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 :1w/mfom Erf/Zes?? faemfom BY t t wd//WJ Aug. 13, 1963 E. J. svENsoN HYDRAULICALLY ACTUATED MACHINE TooL 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed June 16, 1954 HVVENIUR.

Aug. 1'3, 1963 E. J. svENsoN HYDRAULICALLY ACTUATED MACHINE Toor.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed June 16, 1954 l wvl MY Sw NWNI mw www mw 51 @w @1 Nm 2 NI f m NN @mul bmw www l www h NW /7 xsl .v QW Si mul mw S1 www NN NWNI NWNI l United States Patent O HYDRAULlCALLY ACIUATED MACHINE TL Ernest l. Svenson, Rockford, lll., assigner, by mesne assignments, 'of one-half to @din Corporation, Rockford, Ill., a corporation Vof Iliinois, and one-half to W. F. and John Barnes (Iompany, Rockford, lll., a corporation of Illinois Original application lune 16, 1954, Ser. No. 437,967, now Patent No. 2,921,437, dated Jan. 19, 1960. Divided and this application Mar. 19, 1959, Ser. No. 800,426

1 Claim. (Cl. 163-4) The present invention relates to machine tools `and more particularly to self-contained machine tool units which are translated hydraulically by hydraulic actuating means mounted on the units.

The present application is a division of my copending application, Serial No. 437,067, filed June 16, 1954, now Patent No. 2,921,437 issued January 19, 1960.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved machine tool of the above character incorporating improved hydraulic actuating means includ-ing an improved rapid `traverse pump tha-t also serves `to pressurize or energize a feed oil pump.

Other and more detailed .objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and the `accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an apparatus embodying the novel features of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right hand end elevational View of the apparatus shown in FIG. l;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view taken generally along line 3-3 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevational View showing the back side of the sliding head casting' of the apparatus shown in FIG. l;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross sectional View of the novel rapid traverse pump land precharging pump structure taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 7;

FIG. 6 is a cross sectional View taken along yline 6-6 in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross sectional View taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 5

FIG. S is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 8 8 in FIG. 5;

FIG. 9` is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 7;

FIG. l() is a cross sectional view taken along line 1li- 1l) in FIG. l2 and showin-g another form of a novel rapid traverse pump which may be used in the structure of this invention;

FIG. l1 is a cross sectional View taken along line 11- 1'1 in FIG. 10;

Y FIG. l2 is a cross sectional View taken along line 12 12 in FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a cross sectional view taken along line 13- 13 in FIG. 10; and

FIG. 14 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 1-4-14 in FIG. 10.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings wherein like parts designated by the same numerals throughout the various figures, the apparatus shown for the purpose of illustrating vthe present invention includes one Ior more self contained machine tool units 40 as show-n best in FIGS. l and 2,.

Mechanical and Supporting Structures As shown best in FIGS. 1 and 2, the self-contained unit 40 of this invention is adapted to be slidably mounted on a 4base structure 42 and to this end the unit `il() includes a head casting 44 that is provided with guideways 46 which cooperate with guideways 4S on the base structure. A suitable spindle head 5ft is mounted to the face of the 3,190,450 Patented Aug. 13,1963

"ice y head casting by means of screws or the like, not shown, and `an electric motor 52 is mounted on the head casting yfor dri-ving the spindles through pulleys 51 and 54, a plurality of V-belts 56 and a drive shaft 58. The pulley 54 is mounted on one end of the drive shaft 58 and a gear 615 is fixed on the opposite end of the drive `shaft which gear meshes lwith one or more piclioff gears 62 mounted on spindle drive shafts 64.

The `head casting or frame M is provided with an oil reservoir or chamber 74- iand a gear chamber 76. The drive shaft 58 extends Ithrough the gear chamber and has mounted thereon -a `gear 78.

In order to reciprocate the self-'contained unit 40 on the base 42 a fluid motor is provided. This motor includes a hydraulic cylinder 162 secured to the head frame `14, a piston 1li@ disposed within the cylinder and a piston rod lilo which is fixed to the base as indicated as 198. `Preferably the piston rod is adjustably secured to the base by a pair of nut members.

In order to actuate the` fluid motor a rapid traverse gear pump `and a feed pump 112 have been provided which pumps are mounted or connected to opposite ends of a shaft 114 as shown best in FIG. 3. 'I'he shaft 114 is rotatably 4mounted within the head frame or casting 44 by suitable anti-friction bearing means 116 and 118. A gear 1121i is fixed to the shaft .114 by means of a key 122 which gear meshes with the gear 7S for driving the shaft 114. rlhe gears 7 fr and 120 are of the type commonly known as cone gears.

Rapid Traverse Pump Referring now more specifically to FIGS. 3 and 5 through 9, it is seen 'that the rapid traverse gea-r pump 11() includes a main housing section and inner end housing section 132 and an outer end housing section 134. 'Ilhe housing sections yare retained together by a plurality of bolts 135 in the manner shown in FIG. 8. The main body section l13G 4is provided with a radially extending flange having a plurality of apertures y136 therethrough for receiving bolts or screws, not shown, used to secure the pump to the head frame 44. The main body section is provided with a suitably yformed chamber 138 in which is disposed a pair of meshing gears 140 and 142. The gear T146* is mounted on a shaft 144 and fined to the shaft by means of a pin 146 and the gear 142 is similarly mounted on a shaft 148 and fixed thereto by means of a pin 150. The shafts 141i- -and `14S :are supported adjacent their opposite ends by needle bearing units 152 or any other suitable anti-friction bearing means. The main body section I131i is drilled or otherwise formed to provide an inlet passageway 154 andan outlet passageway 156, FIGS. 5 yand 7. The shaft 144 extends out of the body section 4132 through suitable sealing means 158 and is connected to the sha-ft `11a by means of a flexible coupling 160i. As will :appear `from the description given hereinbelow, the iiuid that is pumped by the gears 14d and 142 lis uitilized for actuating the cylinder 102 to move the head frame along the base.

In order to allow fluid 'which may be trapped by the rotary seal means 153 to drain back into the intake passageway 154, the :body section 132 is provided with a drilled passageway 162 which communicates with the intake side of the pump, FIG. 8. A smaller passageway 164 connects the passageway 162 and the recess in the body section 132 which houses the rotary seal means. As shown -best in FIGS. 7 and 9 the body section 132 is also provided with passageways 166 and 168 for the purpose of relieving the pressure on any 4iiuid trapped between meshing teeth of the gears.

To form a charging or pre-loading section 369, the pump structure 110 is provided with a second set of meshing gears 171i and 172, FIG. 6, for providing iiuid 3 Y under pressure to pre-load the feed pump 112. The gear 170 is connected to the pump shaft i144 by means of a pin 174 and is located Within a suitable chamber 176A formed in the body section 134. As shown in FIG. 6, opposite ends of the pin 174 project radially from the shaft 144 intoaxial slots 175', 177 formed in the hub of gear 178 thus providing a rotary driving connection between the shaft and gear while at the same time providing for free axial movement of the gear on the shaft. The gear 172 may be freely mounted on the shaft 148 .but since the shaft 148 is driven by the primary gears 140 and 142 there will be no relative rotation between this shaft and the gear 172. As shown best in FIGS. 3, 5 and 7, the body section 130 is provided with connected passageways i178, 181) and 182 which provide an oil inlet for the chamber 176. The outlet for this chamber is provided by passageways 184, 186 and -188fformed in the body section 130. Preferably, the body section -130 also includes passageways 19t) and 192, FIG. 7, for relieving the pressure on oil trapped between meshing teeth of the gears 170 and 172 and the body section 134'is provided ywith a passageway 194, FIG. 8 for draining oil escaping past the end of the shaft 144 back into the inlet side of the chamber 176.

In order to prevent injury to the pump structure 110 and to the fluid system, a relief valve is provided for controlling the pressure of the fluid pumped by the gears 170 and 172. More specifically, the body sectionv 134 is provided vwith passageways connecting the inlet and discharge sides of the chamber 176. AsV shown in FIG. 7, the passageways connecting the inlet Iand dischargesides of the chamber 176 include a passage 196 communicating with the discharge side of the chamber 176, a passage 550mmmunicating 'with the inlet side of the chamber `176, and a bore 552 connecting the passages 196 and 550. The bore 552 is oounterbored from its pump inlet end to define a counterbore 198 extending to a valve seat 201) located between the passages 196 and 559. A valve element 292 disposed in the counterbore 198 in opposing relation to they seat 200 is slidably supported by the body structure defining the counterbore 198 for movement toward and awayv from the seat 200i. The element 292 is urged toward the seat 261) by a compression spring 294. The spring acts against a Vmember 206 which is threaded into an enlarged bore 208 :so that by adjusting the member 296 the relief -valve may be set to open at any desired pressure. The end of the bore 298 is preferably sealed by means of a threaded plug 210 having a head 212 overlying a sealing washer 214. A pressure relief valve should also be provided for the uid pumped by the gears 1411 and 142 and this valve lwhich is not shown may be identical to the relief valve just described and it may be either built into the pump body section or into the headframe or casting 4 In some instances it may be permissible to use a rapid traverse pump 'which does not have incorporated therein a charging or preloading pump section, and in such instances, anovel pump structure 137 shown in FIGS. 10 through. 14 may be used. The pump structure 137 includes body members 139, 141 and 143 which are secured together by a plurality of screws 145. The body member 141 is formed with an inlet passageway 147, FIG. 12, which extends axially entirely therethrough and intersects a radially extending passageway 149 therein. The passageway 149 communicates with a gear chamber 151, FIG. 1l, 'which chamber also communicates with outlet passageways `153 and 155, FIG. l2. In accordance with the present invention the capacity of the pump; -141 is materially increased in a simple and economical manner by providing the body member 143 with a gear chamber 157, which chamber communicates with the gear chamber y151 and also communicates with the inlet passageway 147 through passageways y159 and 161, FIG. l2.

A pair of shafts 163 and 165 are rotatably mounted within the body members by means of a plurality of anti- ,friction or needle bearing units 167. The shaft 163` extends axially from the body member 139 through a suitable rotary seal unit 169 for connection with the drive shaft |114 through a flexible coupling 171. It is understood that the pump structure 137 is adapted to be mounted on the head frame 44 in place of the above described pump with the inlet and outlet passageways y147 and 155, respectively, registering with suitable passageways formed in the head frame. A gear element 173 is mounted on the shaft 163 and iixed thereto :by means of a pin 175, which gear element meshes with a gear element 177 mounted on a shaft 165. Similar gear elements 179 and 181 are mounted on the shafts 1 63 and 165, respectively, and are disposed within the chamber 157.

In order `to facilitate assembly of the gear-s and body members of the pump structure y137, it should be noted that the gear 179 is fixed against rotation relative to the shaft `163 by means lof a pin 183, 'which pin 183 extends into slots in the gear. Thus, the gear 173 and the pin 175 :serve to position the shaft 163 axially relative to the body members while the Ygear 179 is axially movable to prevent binding between the gears and the body members. The gear 181, like the gear 173, is xed against both axial and rotating movement relative to the shaft 165 by means of a pin 187. However, the gear 177 is freely disposed on the shaft 165 so as to facilitate assembly. Since the shaft 1165 is driven through the gears 179 and 131 and since the gear y177 is driven by the gear 173, there will be practically no relative rotation between the gear 177 and the shaft 165, but there 4will be suiiicient play between these parts to insure proper operation of the pump structure.

`In order to prevent injury to the pump structure 137, thebody member 141 is provided with ta small axially extending passageway 189, FIGS. l1 and 12, which is in alignment with the meshing teeth of the two sets of gears and which also communicates with the discharge side of the gear chambers through a passageway 191. Thus, 'the p-assageways 189 and 19.1 serve to relieve the pressure of any fluid trapped between the meshing teeth of the gears. Y

In addition, the pump structure is provided with pressure relief valve means. As shown best in FIG. l2, this means includes passageways 193, and 197 connecting the inlet and discharge sides of the gear chamber 157. The passageway 195 is provided with a valve seat 199 against which a valve member 201 is resiliently biased by means` of a spring 2113. 'Ilhe fluid pressure at which the valve would open may conveniently be adjusted by turning a threaded plug 2055 which backs up the spring 203. In order to prevent uid from 'leaking from the pump structure past the ends #of the shafts, the body members 143 and 139 are provided with small drain passageways 207 and 2119 as shown best in FIGS. 13 and 14 for permitting fluid to `drain from adjacent the ends of the shafts 163 and 165, respectively, .back to the inlet side of the gear chambers. The body member 139 is provided with a similar drain passageway 211 communicating with the chamber housing lche rotary seal.

As shown best in FIGS. 3 and 4, the back side of the sliding head frame structure is provided with a machined surface 466 against which the pump structure 110 is applied and tightly secured by means of screws extending through the apertures 136 in the pump body and threaded into complementary apertures 46S in the head frame. The inlet 154 of the pump structure 110 registers with a passageway 470 drilled or lotherwise suitably formed in the head frame, which passageway 470 is interconnected with the fluid reservoir by meansV including passageways 472 and 474. The outlet 156 of the pump structure 1111 registers with a passageway 476 formed in the bead frame which passageway connects with la vertical passageway 478. The passageway 478 communi- Cates with a passageway 480 which extends entirely across the bead frame and connects with the control valve 33.0, FIG. l, `for the hydraulic cylinder 102, FIG. 1.

The head frame structure is provided with suitable passageway or conduit means, not shown, which. connests a fiuid output passageway of the control valve 330, FIG. 1, to a passageway E08, PEG. 4, in the machined surface 466 registering with the inlet 178, FIG. 5, of the charging or pre-loading pump section 360 of the pump structure 110. Fluid discharged by the charging pump section 360 emerges from the outlet passageway 18Sv and enters a passage 510 formed in the head frame structure. The fluid is directed by the passageway 510 into suitable conduit or passageway means, not shown, to the inlet of the feed pump 112. i

The invention is claimed as follows:

Pumping means comprising a pump body formed in three pancake sections separably secured together; said sections including an inner section, an outer section, and an intervening section; said intervening section of the pump body defining a mounting surface adapted to fit against supporting structure therefor, said intervening pump body section dening a cavity therein confronting said inner Ibody section and coacting with said inner body section `to dene therewith la first pumping chamber, said outer body section defining `a ycavity therein confnonting said intervening tbody section and coacting therewith to define a second pumping chamber alined with said first pumping chamber, a drive shaft extending into both said chambers, bearing means journalling said drive shaft in each of said body sections, a `second shaft extending into both said chambers, bearing means journalling said second shaft in each :of said `body sections, first and second pairs of pumping gears disposed within said respective pumping chambers, the gears of each pair being supported on said respective shafts for rotation by power from said drive shaft, means forming a non-rotatable driving connection between said drive shaft and each of said gears supported thereon, means forming between one of the two gears supported ton said second shaft =a non-rotatable driving connection, the other of the two gears supported on said second shaft being notatable with respect to said second shaft, said intervening body section defining internal passages communicating with the inlet and outlet sides of said pumping chambers and opening through said mounting surface, said outer body section defining an internal pressure relief passage extending between the inlet and outlet of said second pumping chamber and including a bore, said bore being counten bored from the pump chamber inlet endthereof to define -a valve seat exposed toward the pump chamber inlet end of said pressure relief passage, a movable valve member disposed in said counterbore in confronting relation to said valve seat and being slidably supported lby the body structure defining said counterbore lfor movement toward and away from said seat, la spring urging said valve member against said seat to sustain a predetermined diferential pressure on said valve member urging the valve member away from said seat, and said drive shaft having 'one end thereof projecting from said body and defining a shaft driving connection.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 796,724 Hewitt Aug. 8, 1905 1,218,300 Nelson Mar. 6, 1917 1,689,673 Lalor Got. 30, 1928 1,854,260 Hoffman Apr. 19, 1932 1,907,346 Drysdale May 2, 1933 2,407,753 Wallgren Sept. 17, 1946 2,408,716 Witchzer Oct. 1, 1946 2,456,651 Sohmiel Dec. 21, 1948 2,481,047 Sloane Sept. 6, 1949 2,531,808 Eames Nov. 28, 1950 2,540,235 Berkley Feb. 6, 1951 2,655,108 Osborne Oct. 13, 1953 2,925,786 Hill ,Feb. 23, 1960 3,005,410 Strader Oct. 24, 1961 FOREIGN PATENTS 716,036 Germany Jan. 12, 1942 

